When researching laser eye surgery, two names quickly rise to the top: LASIK and PRK. Both are trusted forms of refractive surgery designed to correct common vision issues like myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. They share a similar goal—clear, sharp vision without relying on glasses or contact lenses—but they take very different paths to get there.
In this LASIK vs PRK comparison, we’ll walk you through the procedure differences, recovery periods, benefits and risks, and candidacy considerations to help you make an informed decision alongside your eye doctor.
Key Takeaways
- LASIK involves creating a corneal flap, while PRK removes the eye’s surface layer.
- LASIK surgery offers quicker visual recovery, while PRK has a longer initial healing period.
- PRK may be better suited for patients with thin corneas or those at higher risk for flap complications.
- Both procedures use a highly accurate excimer laser to reshape corneal tissue.
- A consultation with an eye surgeon is essential to determine the safest option based on your eye health and lifestyle.
What to Know About the LASIK Procedure
The LASIK procedure involves using a femtosecond laser or microkeratome to create a thin flap in the cornea. This flap is lifted so the underlying tissue can be reshaped with an excimer laser. The flap is then repositioned, and the eye begins healing immediately.
Most LASIK patients experience noticeable improvement in their vision within a few hours. Many can resume normal activities—including work and driving—the very next day. Recovery time is typically short, and discomfort is minimal during the initial healing.
However, LASIK requires adequate corneal thickness to ensure a safe and effective result. Patients with thin corneas may be better candidates for PRK or other alternative procedures. And while LASIK is generally safe, it carries a small risk of flap-related complications such as epithelial ingrowth or dry eye.
Understanding PRK: A Surface-Level Approach
The PRK procedure (photorefractive keratectomy) uses the same type of excimer laser as LASIK to reshape the cornea and correct refractive errors. The difference lies in how the eye is accessed. Instead of creating a flap, the surgeon gently removes the outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) before performing the laser treatment. This layer naturally regenerates during the recovery process.
PRK patients typically experience more discomfort in the first few days due to the healing of the exposed corneal surface. A bandage contact lens is placed over the cornea to help alleviate this discomfort. The recovery period is longer, and it can take several days (or even a few weeks) before vision fully stabilizes. Unlike PRK, LASIK patients don’t need to wait as long for clear vision.
PRK may be the better choice for those with thin corneas, dry eyes, or who participate in contact sports or physically demanding activities. Because there’s no flap, the risks of trauma-related complications are significantly reduced.
LASIK vs PRK Comparison: Key Procedure Differences
Understanding the key differences can help clarify which option aligns with your goals and your eyes.
| Feature | LASIK | PRK |
| Technique | Corneal flap + laser reshaping | Surface removal + laser reshaping |
| Healing Time | 1–3 days | 1–2 weeks (longer for full clarity) |
| Discomfort | Mild | Moderate (initial few days) |
| Return to Work/Activity | Quicker | Slower |
| Long-Term Results | Excellent | Excellent |
| Ideal Candidates | General public with healthy eyes | Thin corneas, active lifestyles |
| Flap Risk | Yes | No |
| Dry Eye Risk | Slightly higher | Lower |
Both procedures offer long-term laser vision correction with excellent success rates. The choice depends on your unique anatomy, lifestyle, and tolerance for recovery.
Candidacy Considerations for Each Procedure
Candidacy for laser surgery is highly individualized. During your consultation, an experienced eye surgeon will evaluate several factors:
- Corneal Thickness: LASIK requires more tissue for the flap. PRK may be safer for those with thin corneas.
- Eye Health: Patients with chronic dry eye, previous infections, or certain eye conditions may be steered toward PRK.
- Lifestyle Factors: PRK is often recommended for military personnel, athletes, or others exposed to potential trauma.
- Vision Goals: Both procedures are used to correct myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism; your prescription strength may guide the decision.
- Occupational Needs: Those needing rapid return to visual function for computer work or driving may prefer LASIK.
A full eye exam, including measurements of your corneal thickness and tear film, will guide your surgeon in recommending the best course of action.
Benefits and Risks to Be Aware Of
The benefits of both procedures include reduced dependence on glasses or contact lenses, highly accurate vision correction, and long-term satisfaction. Most patients report significantly improved quality of life after surgery.
But every surgery carries potential risks. For LASIK, these include flap-related complications, dry eye, or temporary blurred vision. PRK patients may face longer recovery time and more discomfort during the healing process. Still, PRK avoids the risk of flap issues entirely.
Both surgeries require proper postoperative care, like using prescribed eye drops, avoiding strenuous activity, and wearing sunglasses when outdoors, to protect your eyes while they heal. The healing process varies slightly between procedures, but each can lead to excellent visual outcomes when done by a qualified surgeon.
Guidance That Helps You See Clearly
Choosing between LASIK and PRK isn’t a decision you should make alone. Both are safe, effective procedures, but which one fits your goals, anatomy, and lifestyle best can only be determined through expert evaluation.
At Intermountain Eye Centers, our board-certified surgeons specialize in laser eye surgery and bring decades of experience to every consultation. Whether you’re considering LASIK surgery or PRK surgery, we’ll walk you through each step, explain all potential risks, and design a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
Ready to take the next step toward better vision? Contact Intermountain Eye Centers today to schedule your consultation.
FAQs
How does recovery differ between LASIK and PRK?
LASIK recovery is faster with minimal discomfort; PRK requires a longer healing process with more discomfort in the first few days.
Which procedure is better for patients with thin corneas?
PRK is typically the preferred option for patients with thin corneas, as it doesn’t require creating a flap.
Can both surgeries treat astigmatism and nearsightedness?
Yes. Both procedures effectively correct refractive errors like astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia using laser technology.
Are the results of LASIK and PRK permanent?
While both offer long-term results, some patients may require enhancements or reading glasses later in life due to natural aging.
What’s the risk of eye infection after surgery?
The risk is low for both procedures if you follow postoperative instructions, including using eye drops and avoiding irritants.
Will I need to wear glasses after surgery?
Many patients no longer need corrective lenses for daily activities, though some may still wear glasses for reading or night driving depending on age and other factors.